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Know Your Arthritis – Part 1 - My Bio SA
Discover the most common types of arthritis, their symptoms, and how they impact your joints and daily life. Knowledge is the first step to better management.
arthritis, types of arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, gout, juvenile arthritis
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03 Jun Know Your Arthritis – Part 1

Posted at 07:24h in Arthritis by

Arthritis is a term used to describe a group of conditions that cause inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the joints. It affects millions of people worldwide and can significantly impact daily life.

Osteoarthritis (OA), often referred to as “wear-and-tear arthritis,” is the most common form of arthritis. It develops when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones in your joints gradually breaks down, causing pain, stiffness, and swelling. Symptoms often worsen after physical activity or at the end of the day, making it difficult to engage in everyday tasks. The joints most commonly affected by OA include the knees, hips, spine, and hands. Factors such as age, obesity, and joint injuries increase the risk of developing OA.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints, leading to inflammation and joint damage. Unlike OA, RA symptoms are typically symmetrical, meaning the same joints on both sides of the body are affected, such as the hands, wrists, knees, and feet. Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes is a hallmark symptom, alongside swelling, pain, and fatigue.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a form of arthritis that affects individuals with psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches. PsA can impact any part of the body, but it commonly affects the spine, fingers, toes, and larger joints like the knees. Symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, and swelling, often accompanied by changes in the nails, such as pitting or separation. PsA can be unpredictable, with flare-ups and periods of remission.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) primarily affects the spine, causing chronic inflammation that can lead to the fusion of vertebrae over time, resulting in reduced mobility and posture changes. Symptoms often start with persistent lower back pain and stiffness, which are worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity. The hips, shoulders, and sacroiliac joints are also frequently affected. AS is strongly linked to the HLA-B27 gene.

Gout is a unique form of arthritis that is characterized by sudden, intense attacks of joint pain, swelling, and redness, often starting at night. These episodes are caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, most commonly affecting the big toe, but also the ankles, knees, and wrists.

Lupus is a systemic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs and tissues in the body, including the joints. Symptoms often include joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, accompanied by fatigue, skin rashes, and other systemic signs. The hands, wrists, and knees are among the joints most commonly affected.

Juvenile arthritis is a term used to describe arthritis that occurs in children under the age of 16. It causes persistent joint pain, swelling, and stiffness and can also lead to complications such as growth delays and eye inflammation. Commonly affected joints include the knees, wrists, and ankles.

Arthritis is a complex group of conditions that can affect people of all ages and backgrounds. Understanding the differences between these types and recognizing their symptoms is the first step toward effective management. If you or someone you know is experiencing joint pain, consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment plan.

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